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The most famous and well-studied cannabinoids are tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). THC is responsible for a variety of physiological effects and has psychoactive properties, which means it acts to alter brain function, resulting in temporary changes in mental processes, cognition, perception and mood. CBD, however, has been reported as having a wide range of health benefits, including pain management, without the psychoactive qualities of THC.

The specific combination of CBD to THC included within a particular strain is known as the

CBD:THC ratio. As THC has psychoactive properties and CBD does not, this ratio is important in deciding which products are best for a patient.

The separation between sativa and indica was originally created in the 18th century to differentiate between two species within the cannabis genus (indica and sativa), classifying them based on structure and resin. Later, as strains were crossbred, the term hybrid was added as a way to classify cannabis. As the science and understanding of cannabis continues to widen, terms are changing. What are often called cannabis “strains” should be called “cultivars.”

Yes, medical cannabis is considered safe for the vast majority of people, cannabinoids are non-toxic, and studies show they are well tolerated when used appropriately and with the support of a qualified medical professional.

However, every patient reacts differently to the effects of medical cannabis. THC-related side effects are most common, but can be reduced or prevented by a “start low and go slow” dosing strategy. CBD typically does not produce side effects. Working together with your healthcare professional and Patient Educator you can design a cannabinoid therapy that minimizes side effects and risks.

A few notable exceptions include women who are pregnant, those with a history of substance abuse, people with a family history of schizophrenia or children under 25 where the medical benefits of treatment do not outweigh the risks.

Every patient reacts differently to using medical cannabis.

Common effects of being “high” include mind and body relaxation, a skewed perception of time, spacing out, feeling joyful or euphoric, and increased sensory awareness. Psychoactive effects or a “high” from cannabis are typically attributed to THC.

Different cultivars and varying THC levels can create different results and effects. It is always good to “start low and go slow” when using any strain with high THC.